Works Cited
Aronson, Nicole. Mademoiselle De Scudery. Stuart Aronson, trans. Boston: Twayne, 1978.
Bourqui, Claude & Alexandre Gefen. “Madeleine et Georges de Scudery Artemene ou le Grand Cyrus.” Institute of Modern French Literature. University of Neuchatel. 2003. Web. Accessed 16 April 2013. <http://www.artamene.org/texte_drh2004.php>
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. "Scudery." Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press, 1911.
France, Peter, ed. The New Oxford Companion to Literature in French. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995.
Genieys, Severine Nathalie. “Picturing women in Urania by Mary Wroth and Clelie by Madeleine de Scudery.” University of Glasgow, 2003.
Gordon, Scott Paul. “The Space of Romance in Lennox’s Female Quixote.” Studies in English Literature. 38.3 (1998): 499-516. Print.
Hallam, Henry. Introduction to the Literature of Europe, in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. London: J. Murray, 1837. Print.
Hill, Herbert W. La Calprenède's Romances and the Restoration Drama. N.p.: University of Nevada, 1911. Print.
Lennox, Charlotte. The Female Quixote, Or, The Adventures of Arabella. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1998. Print.
Palo, Sharon Smith. “The Good Effects of a Whimsical Study: Romance and Women’s Learning in Charlotte Lennox’s The Female Quixote.” Eighteenth-Century Fiction. 18.2 (2005): 203-228.
Pitou, Spire. La Calprenède's Faramond, a Study of the Sources, Structure, and Reputation of the Novel., 1938. ProQuest. Web. 4 Apr. 2013.
Roulston, Christine. "Histories of Nothing: Romance and Femininity in Charlotte Lennox's The Female Quixote."
Women's Writing 2.1 (1995): 25-42. Print.
Showalter, English Jr. The Evolution of the French Novel: 1641-1782. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1972.
Taylor, Karen. The Facts on File Companion to the French Novel. New York: Infobase, 2007. Print.
Wells, Benjamin. "La Calprenède and Scudéry." The Sewanee Review: 6.4 (1898): 439-460.
- In this book, Aronson presents a biography of Madeleine de Scudery and discusses all facets of her literary work, including her novels and romances, short stories, poetry, and discourses. She concludes that Scudery was “one of the most knowledgeable women in French history” (157).
Bourqui, Claude & Alexandre Gefen. “Madeleine et Georges de Scudery Artemene ou le Grand Cyrus.” Institute of Modern French Literature. University of Neuchatel. 2003. Web. Accessed 16 April 2013. <http://www.artamene.org/texte_drh2004.php>
- This website is a full-fledged digital humanities project dealing with Artamenes; or, The Grand Cyrus, one of the longest novels ever written. This digital format allows for the text to be read non-linearly, which, as the authors assert, was how the romance was originally intended to be read. The website includes a detailed synopsis of the romance, as well as lists of different kinds of resources related to Artamenes. A working knowledge of French, or a good translator, is needed to parse this website.
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. "Scudery." Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press, 1911.
- This electronic edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica provides biographical information on Madeleine de Scudery, as well as for her brother, Georges, whose name she published under.
France, Peter, ed. The New Oxford Companion to Literature in French. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995.
- This encyclopedia-like volume is a comprehensive resource which compiles all things related to French literature, including biographic information about the authors and descriptions of the lineage of the genre of romance
Genieys, Severine Nathalie. “Picturing women in Urania by Mary Wroth and Clelie by Madeleine de Scudery.” University of Glasgow, 2003.
- Genieys’ dissertation argues for proto-feminist readings of Urania and Clelia, and also posits more broadly the connections between women’s advancement in the arts across continental Europe in the 17th century.
Gordon, Scott Paul. “The Space of Romance in Lennox’s Female Quixote.” Studies in English Literature. 38.3 (1998): 499-516. Print.
- In this critical article, Gordon summarizes critical theories about The Female Quixote’s use of romances to promote or detract from feminine agency, and carves out his own nuanced argument: “Arabella’s delusion preserves her, as perhaps only delusion can, as a romance heroine. The novel punishes only those who embody the world of self-interest” (514).
Hallam, Henry. Introduction to the Literature of Europe, in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. London: J. Murray, 1837. Print.
- Hallam's text offers a sketch of the Literature of Europe from the fifteenth to Seventeenth centuries consisting chiefly of encyclopedic entries. The text focuses on classical works as well as works divided by subject. An entry on both La Calprenède and Scudery highlight authors biography and important works.
Hill, Herbert W. La Calprenède's Romances and the Restoration Drama. N.p.: University of Nevada, 1911. Print.
- In this text, Hill provides contextual information about La Calprenede's romances, as well as summaries of the stories, themselves. His broader thesis shows the influence that Cleopatra and Cassandra, specifically, had on late seventeenth-century drama.
Lennox, Charlotte. The Female Quixote, Or, The Adventures of Arabella. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1998. Print.
- Lennox's novel features Arabella, the protagonist, who constructs her own counter-cultural world of romance based on the seventeenth-century works of La Calprenede and Madeleine de Scudery. Though this novel is often read as mocking these dramatic romances, recent criticism suggests Araballa acquires a unique form of feminine agency through ordering her life by these fictions.
Palo, Sharon Smith. “The Good Effects of a Whimsical Study: Romance and Women’s Learning in Charlotte Lennox’s The Female Quixote.” Eighteenth-Century Fiction. 18.2 (2005): 203-228.
- In this study, Sharon Smith Palo examines Arabella’s use of romances in The Female Quixote and concludes that Arabella uses romance to critique the ideal portrait of a woman and self-restrained, instead exploring the notion of female education and re-examining (and promoting) women’s role in the public sphere.
Pitou, Spire. La Calprenède's Faramond, a Study of the Sources, Structure, and Reputation of the Novel., 1938. ProQuest. Web. 4 Apr. 2013.
- This extensive study of Faramond (Pharamond) examines the history, influences (historic and literary), plot, style, and structures of La Calprenède's text. This study also looks at the implications of the works continuation after the original author's death.
Roulston, Christine. "Histories of Nothing: Romance and Femininity in Charlotte Lennox's The Female Quixote."
Women's Writing 2.1 (1995): 25-42. Print.
- In this articles, Christine Roulston argues for the link between the space of romance created by Arabella and her identity as well as the possibility of female power and agency created through Arabella's use of the historical romances.
Showalter, English Jr. The Evolution of the French Novel: 1641-1782. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1972.
- Showalter traces the origins of the French novel from their foundation in the popular romances of the seventeenth-century, then discusses what separates the novel from the romance, notably realism, narrative techniques, and the thematic development of the individual.
Taylor, Karen. The Facts on File Companion to the French Novel. New York: Infobase, 2007. Print.
- In this text, Taylor covers the development of the French novel, beginning in the16th century. The text aims to emphasize novels that are most commonly read in world literature of French culture courses and includes a brief entry on La Calprenède.
Wells, Benjamin. "La Calprenède and Scudéry." The Sewanee Review: 6.4 (1898): 439-460.
- This article explores the contribution made by La Calprenède by Scudery to the genre of the historical romance, focusing on the period from 1640 to 1655.
